International Conference on Physics March 09-10, 2019 Rome, Italy

Materials science is an interdisciplinary field including the properties of an issue and its applications to different territories of science and designing. Materials science and building is the investigation of everything being equal, from those we see and utilize each day.

Aerodynamics is a sub-discipline of fluid dynamics which deals with the movement of air around a solid object. E.g. interaction of aeroplane wings with air, study of motion of air around the object is called flow field, which helps in calculating various forces and moments on the exposed object. The other aspect of aerodynamic is internal aerodynamic which deals with the flow through passages in solid objects e.g. Study of air flow through jet engine or through an air conditioning pipe.

Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences which includes atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric physics

Atomic and molecular physics is the study of atoms and molecules and it is also the field of specialization in the physics. Atomic physicists study single ions and atoms while molecular physicists even investigate very small molecules that are in their gaseous form. Atomic physicists study isolated and separated ions as well as atoms along with the excitation and electron arrangements. Addition to this the electronic excitation states which are known from the atoms and molecules which are able to rotate and as well as to vibrate. These kinds of rotations and vibrations are quantized so that, there are also discrete energy levels. Therefore, the smallest energy differences exist between the different rotational states and the pure rotational spectra are far from the infrared region in which the wavelength is about 30 - 150 µm of the electromagnetic spectrum. Vibrational spectra are near to the infrared which is about 1 - 5 µm and thus the spectra resulting from electronic transitions which are mostly the ultraviolet regions.

Theoretical physics is a basis of modern quantitative science, on which so much else rests. It is perhaps the highest-impact, lowest-cost area of basic research. Solar cells, computers, wireless technologies, diagnostic imaging – they are all rooted in inventions made by theoretical physicists. Superconductors, Atomic structure, properties of light, and nuclear energy are all topics discovered by experimental physicists. They design experiments to test theories about the communications of matter and energy in specific ways using cultured equipment. Applications of their research are important in medicine, manufacturing, alternative energy technologies and in the military. Experimental physicists are employed by medical research companies, universities and the federal government. Computational physics is a study and implementation of numerical analysis for solving the problems in physics for which a quantitative theory already exists. Computational physics can be specified as the study and the implementation of the numerical analysis for solving problems in physics for which there is the existence of quantitative theory.

In the high-energy nuclear physics we probe that nuclear matter is on the level of its fundamental constituents such as quarks and gluons. The phase transition between de confined quark-gluon matter, normal quark-gluon matter and normal nuclear matter is called as Quark Gluon Plasma. In the very high energy collisions of heavy nuclei quarks and gluons are released from the hadronic bounds of matter and therefore the new state of matter is formed which is also called as Quark-gluon plasma. The transition from the hadronic matter where neutrons, protons and other hadrons are individual particles to the quark-gluon plasma phase which is a definite prediction to the theory of strong interactions. Generally the high energy collisions of heavy nuclei that is plasma which lives only for 10-22 sec because it gets back to the hadronic phase when its rapid expansion is cooled down.

Biomedical Physics is additionally called restorative material science or therapeutic biophysics or connected physical science in prescription. It is as a rule the utilization of material science ideas, hypotheses and techniques to pharmaceutical or human services. The Biomedical material science program covers distinctive themes like therapeutic imaging, radiation treatment, biophysics of the circulatory framework, vision, and hearing.

Biophysics covers the natural association, from the atomic level to entire life forms level in biological processes. It depicts how creatures get sustenance, imparting, detecting nature, and repeating. Biophysical research requires some crucial standards from natural chemistry, nanotechnology, bioengineering, computational science and frameworks science.

Theoretical physics is a basis of modern quantitative science, on which so much else rests. It is perhaps the highest-impact, lowest-cost area of basic research. Solar cells, computers, wireless technologies, diagnostic imaging – they are all rooted in inventions made by theoretical physicists. Superconductors, Atomic structure, properties of light, and nuclear energy are all topics discovered by experimental physicists. They design experiments to test theories about the communications of matter and energy in specific ways using cultured equipment. Applications of their research are important in medicine, manufacturing, alternative energy technologies and in the military. Experimental physicists are employed by medical research companies, universities and the federal government. Computational physics is a study and implementation of numerical analysis for solving the problems in physics for which a quantitative theory already exists. Computational physics can be specified as the study and the implementation of the numerical analysis for solving problems in physics for which there is the existence of a quantitative theory.

Quantum field theory is the classic example of a successful quantum field theory. Quantum mechanics cannot give an account of photons which constitute the prime case of relative 'particles'. At the speed c, a non-relativistic theory such as ordinary QM cannot give even an estimated description as photons have rest mass zero and similarly move in the vacuum. Photons play a vital role in the radiation and absorption processes which has to be executed; for instance, when one of an atom's electrons makes a transition between energy levels. The formalism of QFT is required for an explicit explanation of photons. When the theoretical framework of quantum mechanics was established, a small group of scientists tried to extend quantum methods to electromagnetic fields and contributed in modern developments of quantum field theory such as Algebraic quantum field theory, Axiomatic quantum field theory and Topological quantum field theory.

Condensed Matter Physicists study how matter arises from a large number of interacting electrons and atoms, and what physical properties it has as a result of these interactions. The field of condensed matter physics explores the macroscopic and microscopic properties of matter. The main attention is waged to physics of solid, liquid and, phase equilibria, amorphous systems and phase transitions, electric, magnetic, thermal, structural and optical properties of condensed matter Physics.

Theoretical physics is a division of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to streamline, explain and predict natural phenomena. This is in divergence to experimental physics, which uses experimental tools to probe these phenomena.

The term photonics was first developed as an outgrowth of the practical semiconductor light emitters. It is the science which belongs to physical science department which gives the idea of light (photon) generation, detection and manipulation through various processes like transmission, emission, signal processing, modulation, amplification, switching and sensing.

The electromagnetic force assumes a noteworthy part in deciding the inner properties of most protests experienced in everyday life. The standard issue takes its frame because of intermolecular powers between singular atoms and Molecules in a matter and is an appearance of the electromagnetic force. Electrons are bound by the electromagnetic force to nuclear cores, and their orbital shapes and their effect on adjacent particles with their electrons is depicted by quantum mechanics. The electromagnetic power administers the procedures associated with science, which emerge from connections between the electrons of neighboring atoms.

Lightning is an example of plasma present at Earth's surface. Typically, lightning discharges 30,000 amperes at up to 100 million volts and emits light, radio waves, X-rays and even gamma rays. Plasma temperatures in lightning can approach 28,000 K (28,000 °C; 50,000 °F) and electron densities may exceed 1024 m−3.

Geology is the study of the Earth. It includes composition and material, structure, processes, and history. We have come a long way since then, with the theories of plate tectonics explaining the position of the continents, volcanoes, and earthquakes, and evolution, the fossil record we see in the rocks. The emplacement of granites and their erosion can give us a grasp of the vast span of geological time, and geologists are the scientists who find most of the world’s natural resources. Geophysics is the study of the Earth by quantitative physical methods. It is an applied science and includes the Earth’s interior, crust, oceans, atmosphere, and magnetosphere. Applications are broad and can include magnetic studies related to the Earth’s interaction with the Sun; plate tectonics and the interior of the Earth; petroleum and mineral exploration; environmental and engineering analyses; and even archaeological investigations. Special areas of study include the following, among others.

Acoustics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of all mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids including topics such as vibration, sound, ultrasound, and infrasound

Applied physics is the application of the science of physics to helping human beings and solving their problems.

A solar system is a system comprising a sun and the different objects that orbit around it such as planets, satellites, asteroids etc. The system has a gravitational force that holds all these objects together. There are many such solar systems in the universe

The Nanomaterials with diameter <100 nm can be used to reduce the size of information processing parts of most usable devices such as cell phones and lap computers. Nano technology is used for renewable energy as the efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) solar cells was increased by Nano technology, while their manufacturing and electricity production costs were reduced at an unprecedented rate.

Low-temperature physics, science concerned with the production and maintenance of temperatures much below normal, down to almost absolute zero, and with various phenomena that occur only at such temperatures. Low-temperature physics is also known as cryogenics.

Materials science and engineering, is a discipline which deals with the discovery and design of new substances. The research in material technological know-how includes in Transmission electron microscopy in cutting-edge substances technological know-how, advancements of materials technological know-how, Mining and metallurgy, power substances there are 50 universities and a marketplace to growth of 5.1% over the duration 2014-2019. The strength materials marketplace changed into predicted to be $7,292.eight million in 2014 and is projected to boom of 7.8% from 2014 to 2019. Mining and metallurgy for a market share of 68.3% in 2014 and is predicted to growth of 8.3% through 2019. 18 new research tasks can be implemented via quit of 2016.

Nanomaterials describe, in principle, materials of which a single unit is sized (in at least one dimension) between 1 and 1000 nanometres (10?9 meter) but is usually 1—100 nm (the usual definition of nanoscale). Nanomaterials are slowly becoming commercialized and beginning to emerge as commodities.

Renewable energy is generally defined as energy that is collected from resources which are naturally replenished on a human timescale, such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves, and geothermal heat. Renewable energy often provides energy in four important areas: electricity generation, air and water heating/cooling, transportation, and rural (off-grid) energy services. Sustainable energy is energy obtained from non-exhaustible resources. By definition, sustainable energy serves the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

Space science encompasses all of the scientific disciplines that involve space exploration and study natural phenomena and physical bodies occurring in outer space, such as space medicine and astrobiology.